学位英语考试复习知识：名词

2016年11月02日来源：自考365整理字体：大小打印

学位英语考试复习知识：名词

名词复习要点	考试中常涉及到的不可数名词	相关知识点
不可数名词表示单数意义，①不可数名词作主语时谓语使用单数形式；②不可数名词前面的特殊修饰词；③不可数名词的前面不会出现不定冠词a/an 典型试题： When you finish reading the book, you will have ______ better understanding of ______ life A. a; the B. the; a C. 不填; the D. a; 不填答案为D. have an understanding of…/理解..; life在句中的意义为“人生”，是不可数名词，前面不能出现冠词。答题口诀：冠词成考点，空格后的名词很关键，倘若空格后面的名词是个不可数，不定冠词（a/an）肯定非答案，倘若空格后的名词在上文中没有出现过，定冠词（the）也肯定不能选；	water, oil, air, sand, wheat, light, snow, wind, weather（climate是数名词）, work（job是可数名词）, homework, housework, fun, progress（进步） importance, significance, advice, information, news, proof, evidence, word（消息）, physics, economics, furniture, success（成功）, failure（失败），room（空间）, fact, truth, chance（可能性/ have much/little chance to do../of doing..）	①修饰不可数名词常用修饰语： little, a little, a bit of, much, a great deal of, a large/small amount of ②修饰可数名词的常用修饰语有：these, those, few, a few, many, a good [great] many, a great [good] number of； ③有些修饰语既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词：all, some, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of , a large/small quantity of
抽象名词后常跟that引导的同位语从句	importance, significance, advice, ideas, fact, truth, news, suggestion, information, proof, evidence, word（消息）	典型试题： All the evidence pointed to the conclusion ____ he was guilty. （2015/11） which B. that C. as D. so 答案为B. 答题口诀：倘若空格前面出现了抽象词, 即使抽象词距离空格还可能有些远,只要空格前抽象名词能找见, 选项that通常作为答案是首选;
涉及名词的常考短语	涉及复数名词的短语： shake hands with 握手 make friends with 与…交朋友 change seats / trains / buses 换坐位/换火车/换汽车 in tears流着泪 in ruins 成为废墟 in pieces 成为碎片 in high spirits情绪高涨 make contributions to对…作出贡献 make preparations for为…作好准备名词与介词构成固定搭配的介词短语: at the age of: 在…岁时 at the end of: 在…之末 at the beginning of: 在…之初 at the foot of: 在…的脚下 at the speed/price of: 以…的速度/价格 at the same time: 同时 in time: 及时地 on time: 准时地 at night/noon: 在夜晚/在中午 in the morning/afternoon: 在早晨/下午 with the aid/help of:在…的帮助之下 after a while: 过了一会儿 on radio: 通过收音机广播的/在收音机上 on the television:通过电视广播的/在电视上 on the Internet: 通过网络传递信息的/在网络上 by bus/train/plane:乘公共汽车/火车/飞机 by the way: 顺便说一下 on one’s way to: 在某人去往…的路上 in fact:事实上 in reality: 事实上 in public:公开地 in private:私下地 in trouble: 处于困难之中 in order to: 为了 in front of: 在…的前面 in the front of: 在…的前部 in the sun: 在阳光下 in turn: 依次 of course: 当然 on foot: 步行 on the other hand:另一方面 on the left/right: 在左/右边 on Monday/Tuesday: 在星期一/星期二 to one’s surprise: 令某人吃惊地是 in addition: 另外, 此外 in addition to: 除….以外 in advance: 提前 in any case: 无论如何 in brief: 简而言之 in case: 万一, 假如, 以防 in case of: 万一, 假如, 以防 in charge: 负责 in charge of: 负责 in return: 作为报答 in vain: 徒然, 无效 In a hurry: 匆忙地 In a sense:在某种意义上 in a word: 总之名词与动词构成固定搭配的动宾短语 take photos: 照相 take time: 花费时间 take turns: 轮流 take the place of: 代替 take a seat: 就坐 take a shower: 淋浴 take care of: 照顾 take care: 小心, 当心 take one’s temperature: 测量体温 take part in: 参加 go swimming/skating/shopping/fishing/ hunting/camping: 去游泳/溜冰/购物/钓鱼/打猎/露营 make a decision: 作出决定 make a mistake: 犯错误 make progress: 取得进步 make a face: 做鬼脸 make friends with: 与…交朋友 make one’s way: 克服困难前进 make use of: 利用, 使用 make sense: 有意义, 讲得通 make comments on: 对…发表评论 make an attempt to do…:尝试做… give a demonstration of: 演示名词与动词构成固定搭配的动宾短语 give an account of: 叙述, 解释 break the law: 违反法律 break the record: 打破记录 commit a crime: 犯罪 drop litter:扔垃圾 set an example to sb.: 为某人树立榜样 try one’s best to do: 尽力去做…. do harm/good to 对...有害/有益 do one's best尽力 do some shopping 买东西 do some washing 洗衣服 do some cooking 做饭 do some cleaning 打扫除 have/form a habit of: 有..的习惯/养成了…的习惯 have a good knowledge of: 对…有很好的了解 have no idea of: 对…完全不了解 have a good time: 过得很愉快

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